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gi o coupled dreadd vector aav8 hsyn dio hm4d gi mcherry plasmid 44362  (Addgene inc)


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    Structured Review

    Addgene inc gi o coupled dreadd vector aav8 hsyn dio hm4d gi mcherry plasmid 44362
    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections <t>of</t> <t>Cre-dependent</t> <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
    Gi O Coupled Dreadd Vector Aav8 Hsyn Dio Hm4d Gi Mcherry Plasmid 44362, supplied by Addgene inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 726 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/aav8+hsyn+dio+mcherry/pAAV-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry+(Plasmid+%2344362)/bio_rxiv__64898__2026__03__20__713182-166-1-18
    Average 96 stars, based on 726 article reviews
    gi o coupled dreadd vector aav8 hsyn dio hm4d gi mcherry plasmid 44362 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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    1) Product Images from "External Globus Pallidus Arkypallidal Circuit Dynamics Gate Risk-Taking Behavior"

    Article Title: External Globus Pallidus Arkypallidal Circuit Dynamics Gate Risk-Taking Behavior

    Journal: bioRxiv

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.20.713182

    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.

    Techniques Used: Control

    Related Articles

    Plasmid Preparation:

    Article Title: Hunger modulates exploration through suppression of dopamine signaling in the tail of striatum
    Article Snippet: AAVs and the concentrations (in gc/mL) used in this study were as follows: AAV9-CAG-dLight3.8: 1.0 × 10 13 (UNC Neurotools) AAV9-hSyn-dLight3.8: 2.1 × 10 12 (UNC Neurotools) AAV9-hSyn-dLight3.8mut: 2.31 × 10 13 (Plasmid design/modification made in-house, mutation and cloning done by Azenta Genewiz, packaged at UNC Neurotools. .. Plasmid available on Addgene) AAV9-hSyn-mCherry: 1.1 × 10 13 (Addgene #114472) AAV9-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(G)q-mCherry: 1.1 × 10 13 (Addgene #44361) AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(G)i-mCherry: 2.1 × 10 13 (Addgene #44362) AAV8-hSyn-DIO-mCherry: 2.1 × 10 12 (Addgene #50459) AAV8-hSyn-FLEX-TC66T-P2A-EGFP-P2A-N2CG: 1.2 × 10 12 (Plasmid designed in-house, cloned by Epoch Life Science and Azenta Genewiz, packaged at UNC Neurotools. .. Plasmid available on Addgene) AAV8-Ef1α-FLEX-TVA-EGFP: 1.0 × 10 13 (Salk Institute) AAVDJ/9-nEF-Con/Foff 2.0-ChRmine-oScarlet: 8.7 × 10 12 (Plasmid from Addgene #137161 and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-hSyn-FLEX-10xmyc: 5.0 × 10 12 (Plasmid produced by Twist BioScience as in and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-hSyn-FLEX-H2B-GFP: 1 × 10 13 (Plasmid produced by Twist BioScience as in and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-hSyn-DIO-mCherry: 5.6 × 10 12 (Plasmid from Addgene #50459 and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-CAG-Cre (8 × 10 12 ) (Plasmid produced by Twist Bioscience as in Yang et al., 2023 and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAV9-EF1a-DIO-hChR2(H134R)-eYFP-WPRE_HGHpA: 2.7 × 10 13 (Addgene #20297)

    Article Title: A parabrachial hub for need-state control of enduring pain
    Article Snippet: .. The following recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors were used: AAV5.hSyn.DIO.hM3D(Gq).mCherry (Addgene 44361 from B. Roth , titre: 2.1 × 10 13 genome copies (GC) per ml), AAV8.hSyn.DIO.hM4D(Gi) (Addgene 44362 from B. Roth , titre: 2.2 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV2.FLEX.DTR.GFP (Addgene 124364 from E. Azim and T. Jessell , titre: 2.0 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV8.hSyn.fDIO.hm3D(Gq).mCherry.WPREpA (Addgene 154868 from U. Gether), AAV8.hSyn.DIO.mCherry (Addgene 50459 from B. Roth, titre: 3.6 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.Syn.Flex.GCaMP6s.WPRE.SV40 (Addgene 100845 from D. Kim and the GENIE project , titre: 4.2 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.hSynapsin1.axon.GCaMP6s (Addgene 111262 from L. Tian , titre: 4.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.syn.FLEX.splitTVA.EGFP.tTA (Addgene 100798 from I. Wickersham , titre: 1.2 × 10 12 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.TREtight.mTagBFP2.B19G (Addgene 100799 from I. Wickersham , titre: 1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), pSADdeltaG.mCherry (Addgene 32636 from E. Callaway , titre: 3.8 × 10 12 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.CBA.DO(FAS).GCaMP6s (Addgene plasmid 110135 from B. Sabatini , packaged by Vigene Biosciences, titre: 4.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.hSyn.Cre.WPRE.hGH (Addgene 105553 from J. M. Wilson, 2.5 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.CAG.FLEX.EGFP (Addgene 59331 from I. Wickersham), AAV1.hSyn.GRAB_NPY1.0 (Addgene 208676 from Y. Li packaged by Neurotools), AAV1.CAG.GFP.U6.m.Npy1r.shRNA (Vector Biolabs), AAV1-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-EYFP-WPRE-HGHpA (Addgene 20298 from K. Deisseroth, titre: 2.1 ×10 13 GC ml –1 ) and AAV1.FLEX.tdTomato (Addgene 28306 from E. Boyden, titre: 3.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ). ..

    Clone Assay:

    Article Title: Hunger modulates exploration through suppression of dopamine signaling in the tail of striatum
    Article Snippet: AAVs and the concentrations (in gc/mL) used in this study were as follows: AAV9-CAG-dLight3.8: 1.0 × 10 13 (UNC Neurotools) AAV9-hSyn-dLight3.8: 2.1 × 10 12 (UNC Neurotools) AAV9-hSyn-dLight3.8mut: 2.31 × 10 13 (Plasmid design/modification made in-house, mutation and cloning done by Azenta Genewiz, packaged at UNC Neurotools. .. Plasmid available on Addgene) AAV9-hSyn-mCherry: 1.1 × 10 13 (Addgene #114472) AAV9-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(G)q-mCherry: 1.1 × 10 13 (Addgene #44361) AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(G)i-mCherry: 2.1 × 10 13 (Addgene #44362) AAV8-hSyn-DIO-mCherry: 2.1 × 10 12 (Addgene #50459) AAV8-hSyn-FLEX-TC66T-P2A-EGFP-P2A-N2CG: 1.2 × 10 12 (Plasmid designed in-house, cloned by Epoch Life Science and Azenta Genewiz, packaged at UNC Neurotools. .. Plasmid available on Addgene) AAV8-Ef1α-FLEX-TVA-EGFP: 1.0 × 10 13 (Salk Institute) AAVDJ/9-nEF-Con/Foff 2.0-ChRmine-oScarlet: 8.7 × 10 12 (Plasmid from Addgene #137161 and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-hSyn-FLEX-10xmyc: 5.0 × 10 12 (Plasmid produced by Twist BioScience as in and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-hSyn-FLEX-H2B-GFP: 1 × 10 13 (Plasmid produced by Twist BioScience as in and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-hSyn-DIO-mCherry: 5.6 × 10 12 (Plasmid from Addgene #50459 and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAVDJ/9-CAG-Cre (8 × 10 12 ) (Plasmid produced by Twist Bioscience as in Yang et al., 2023 and packaged at Janelia Viral Core) AAV9-EF1a-DIO-hChR2(H134R)-eYFP-WPRE_HGHpA: 2.7 × 10 13 (Addgene #20297)

    Bioprocessing:

    Article Title: Analog of prolactin-releasing peptide reduces body weight primarily through sustained fatty acid oxidation rather than hypophagia.
    Article Snippet: .. For neuronal silencing studies, a total of 53 mixed male and female Tac1Cre mice (9-20 weeks old; across two studies) received bilateral injections of either AAV-DJ-CMV-DIO-eGFP-2A-TeNT (25 mice; titre: 1 x 1012 gc ml-1; Cat.# AAV-71; Stanford Vector and Viral Core; Stanford University, USA) or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-mCherry (28 mice; titre: 1 x 1012 gc ml-1; Cat.# 50459-AAV8; Dr Byran Roth, Addgene, USA) in a total volume of 55 nl per side. ..

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: A parabrachial hub for need-state control of enduring pain
    Article Snippet: .. The following recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors were used: AAV5.hSyn.DIO.hM3D(Gq).mCherry (Addgene 44361 from B. Roth , titre: 2.1 × 10 13 genome copies (GC) per ml), AAV8.hSyn.DIO.hM4D(Gi) (Addgene 44362 from B. Roth , titre: 2.2 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV2.FLEX.DTR.GFP (Addgene 124364 from E. Azim and T. Jessell , titre: 2.0 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV8.hSyn.fDIO.hm3D(Gq).mCherry.WPREpA (Addgene 154868 from U. Gether), AAV8.hSyn.DIO.mCherry (Addgene 50459 from B. Roth, titre: 3.6 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.Syn.Flex.GCaMP6s.WPRE.SV40 (Addgene 100845 from D. Kim and the GENIE project , titre: 4.2 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.hSynapsin1.axon.GCaMP6s (Addgene 111262 from L. Tian , titre: 4.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.syn.FLEX.splitTVA.EGFP.tTA (Addgene 100798 from I. Wickersham , titre: 1.2 × 10 12 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.TREtight.mTagBFP2.B19G (Addgene 100799 from I. Wickersham , titre: 1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), pSADdeltaG.mCherry (Addgene 32636 from E. Callaway , titre: 3.8 × 10 12 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.CBA.DO(FAS).GCaMP6s (Addgene plasmid 110135 from B. Sabatini , packaged by Vigene Biosciences, titre: 4.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.hSyn.Cre.WPRE.hGH (Addgene 105553 from J. M. Wilson, 2.5 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.CAG.FLEX.EGFP (Addgene 59331 from I. Wickersham), AAV1.hSyn.GRAB_NPY1.0 (Addgene 208676 from Y. Li packaged by Neurotools), AAV1.CAG.GFP.U6.m.Npy1r.shRNA (Vector Biolabs), AAV1-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-EYFP-WPRE-HGHpA (Addgene 20298 from K. Deisseroth, titre: 2.1 ×10 13 GC ml –1 ) and AAV1.FLEX.tdTomato (Addgene 28306 from E. Boyden, titre: 3.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ). ..

    Virus:

    Article Title: A parabrachial hub for need-state control of enduring pain
    Article Snippet: .. The following recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors were used: AAV5.hSyn.DIO.hM3D(Gq).mCherry (Addgene 44361 from B. Roth , titre: 2.1 × 10 13 genome copies (GC) per ml), AAV8.hSyn.DIO.hM4D(Gi) (Addgene 44362 from B. Roth , titre: 2.2 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV2.FLEX.DTR.GFP (Addgene 124364 from E. Azim and T. Jessell , titre: 2.0 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV8.hSyn.fDIO.hm3D(Gq).mCherry.WPREpA (Addgene 154868 from U. Gether), AAV8.hSyn.DIO.mCherry (Addgene 50459 from B. Roth, titre: 3.6 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.Syn.Flex.GCaMP6s.WPRE.SV40 (Addgene 100845 from D. Kim and the GENIE project , titre: 4.2 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.hSynapsin1.axon.GCaMP6s (Addgene 111262 from L. Tian , titre: 4.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.syn.FLEX.splitTVA.EGFP.tTA (Addgene 100798 from I. Wickersham , titre: 1.2 × 10 12 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.TREtight.mTagBFP2.B19G (Addgene 100799 from I. Wickersham , titre: 1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), pSADdeltaG.mCherry (Addgene 32636 from E. Callaway , titre: 3.8 × 10 12 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.CBA.DO(FAS).GCaMP6s (Addgene plasmid 110135 from B. Sabatini , packaged by Vigene Biosciences, titre: 4.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.hSyn.Cre.WPRE.hGH (Addgene 105553 from J. M. Wilson, 2.5 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ), AAV1.CAG.FLEX.EGFP (Addgene 59331 from I. Wickersham), AAV1.hSyn.GRAB_NPY1.0 (Addgene 208676 from Y. Li packaged by Neurotools), AAV1.CAG.GFP.U6.m.Npy1r.shRNA (Vector Biolabs), AAV1-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-EYFP-WPRE-HGHpA (Addgene 20298 from K. Deisseroth, titre: 2.1 ×10 13 GC ml –1 ) and AAV1.FLEX.tdTomato (Addgene 28306 from E. Boyden, titre: 3.1 × 10 13 GC ml −1 ). ..



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    Addgene inc gi o coupled dreadd vector aav8 hsyn dio hm4d gi mcherry plasmid 44362
    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections <t>of</t> <t>Cre-dependent</t> <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
    Gi O Coupled Dreadd Vector Aav8 Hsyn Dio Hm4d Gi Mcherry Plasmid 44362, supplied by Addgene inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry,</t> with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
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    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry,</t> with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
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    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry,</t> with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
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    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry,</t> with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
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    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry,</t> with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
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    Addgene inc aav8 hsyn dio hm3d gq mcherry
    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry,</t> with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
    Aav8 Hsyn Dio Hm3d Gq Mcherry, supplied by Addgene inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Addgene inc aav8 addgene
    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry</t> or <t>AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry,</t> with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.
    Aav8 Addgene, supplied by Addgene inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/aav8+hsyn+dio+mcherry/pAAV-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry+(Plasmid+%2344362)/pmc12630364-210-19-20
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    Image Search Results


    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: External Globus Pallidus Arkypallidal Circuit Dynamics Gate Risk-Taking Behavior

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.20.713182

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.

    Article Snippet: The Gi/o-coupled DREADD vector AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry (plasmid #44362) and the Gq-coupled DREADD vector AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry (plasmid #44361) were obtained from Addgene.

    Techniques: Control

    (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: External Globus Pallidus Arkypallidal Circuit Dynamics Gate Risk-Taking Behavior

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.20.713182

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Experimental diagram. Npas1-Cre-TdTomato mice received bilateral GPe injections of Cre-dependent AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry or AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls. All animals received C21 prior to testing, ensuring equivalent drug exposure across groups. Mice were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral sessions were video-recorded for subsequent analysis. (b) Time spent in closed arms, center, and open arms during the EPM shows the expected preference for closed arms across all groups, with no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on arm occupancy (two-way mixed ANOVA, maze compartment F (2,52) = 122.8, p = 2.003e-20; group F (2,26) = 1.546, p = 0.2319). (c) Number of open-arm entries does not differ across groups, indicating no effect of GPe NPAS1 manipulation on exploration of these areas (ANOVA, group F (2,26) = 1.048, p = 0.365). (d) Percent time spent in the open arms in the EPM is comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, consistent with preserved global EPM performance (ANOVA, group F (2,55) = 0.4928, p = 0.6136). (e) Empirical cumulative distribution functions (ECDFs) of frame-wise horizontal movement in the open arms during the EPM show highly overlapping movement distributions across groups, illustrating the absence of gross shifts in locomotor behavior within high-risk regions of the maze. Pairwise Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests detected statistically significant but very small distributional differences (KS D = 0.02–0.05; FDR-corrected p < 0.001), consistent with negligible effect sizes that do not reflect meaningful differences in open-arm movement dynamics. (f) Distance traveled (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8741, p = 0.9131), (g) speed (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.8742, p = 0.9129), and (h) acceleration (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.037, p = 0.3419) over time are comparable across control, hM4D(Gi), and hM3D(Gq) mice, indicating preserved global locomotor output across the session. Frame-wise polar histograms of heading direction during EPM show (i) control mice exhibit a modest but significant preference for a closed-arm-oriented heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.005399, p = 0.001871). (j) hM4D(Gi) mice show a statistically significant, strong preferred closed arm heading (Rayleigh test, r = 0.01707, p = 1.225e-16). (k) In contrast, GPe NPAS1 hM4D(Gq) mice do not exhibit a statistically significant preferred heading orientation (Rayleigh test, r = 0.001264, p = 0.7505). (l) Pose features extracted from video tracking show bound box area across time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice across all EPM areas (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.180, p = 0.03497; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.03348). (m) Similarly, box aspect ratio over time was decreased for hM3D(Gq) mice compared to control mice (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 1.181, p = 0.03486; post hoc control v hM3D(Gq) p = 0.04464). (n) There were no group differences in the change in aspect ratio across time (two-way mixed ANOVA, group x time F (238,3094) = 0.08639, p = 0.06231). Dots represent individual data points, error bars or shaded bands represent standard error of the mean (SEM). For polar plots, 32 bins were computed to generate 11.25 degree bars for histogram densities.

    Article Snippet: The Gi/o-coupled DREADD vector AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry (plasmid #44362) and the Gq-coupled DREADD vector AAV8-hSyn-DIO-hM3D(Gq)-mCherry (plasmid #44361) were obtained from Addgene.

    Techniques: Control